(D&D gives skill ranks equal to (X+INT)*4 at first level and X+INT at subsequent levels; class skills cost 1 rank per +1, non-class skill cost 2 ranks per +1; max ranks in a class skill is character level + 3, half that for a non-class skill. Pathfinder gives X+INT ranks per level; max ranks in any skill is equal to character level; class skills with at least 1 rank get a +3 bonus. In both cases, X is a variable number based on class; in Call of Cthulhu d20, X = 8.)
So, I did a little experiment. I created a 1st level defensive option character with 13 in all abilities and the archaeologist profession using the Call of Cthulhu d20 rules, and a 1st level Defensive Investigator character with 13 in all abilities and the archaeologist occupation using the Cosmic Horror SRD and the Pathfinder skill system. I then compared the two characters.
The Call of Cthulhu d20 character wound up with 36 skill points (8 base plus 1 for INT times 4). Twelve skills from the archaeologist profession are class skills, so with a little basic division I put 3 ranks into each of the twelve class skills and no ranks into any non-class skills. The character wound up with a +4 total in each of the skills.
The Cosmic Horror SRD character wound up with 9 skill points (8 base plus 1 for INT). The same twelve skills from the archaeologist occupation were considered class skills. I could not put a rank into all twelve skills with only 9 ranks and I could only put 1 rank into any given skill... so only 9 of the twelve skills were given a rank. However, each of those 9 skills wound up with a total of +5 (+1 for 1 rank, +1 for INT, +3 for class skill bonus).
While I'd need many, many more test-case scenarios to scientifically back this up, I think I'm comfortable assuming that if I go with the D&D system in the Cosmic Horror SRD the characters will have more skills starting out at lower total bonuses than if I went with the Pathfinder system, where they'll have fewer skills with higher total bonuses. So I'm pretty sure I'm going to go with the Pathfinder system; if I need to, I can balance out the number of skills by increasing the ranks allotted (say to 9 or 10) and the overall total bonus by dropping the class bonus (say to a +2 instead of a +3).
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